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Springhill's Heritage
The
families of William
Farmer, Samuel
Monzingo, J. A.
Byrnes, & Joseph
Murrell were
the first persons to
live in the area that
is now the city of
Springhill.
These men &
others homesteaded the
land in the late
1850's.
This was a
typical farming
community until 1894.
In that year Bodcaw
Lumber Company began
buying up land for a
sawmill. This
company incorporated
under the laws of
Arkansas with William
Buchanan as its
president.
J. A. Buchanan, W. F.
Ferguson, J. G.
Ferguson, W. C.
Brown, T. A. Brown,
J. R. Brown, &
Marshall Northcutt
were other members.
The first land was
purchased from J. A.
Byrnes in July of
1894. In 1896
the sawmill operation
began with
approximately 50
employees. The
company contracted to
build 25 houses in
the area west of the
mill. They
would be homes
for the workers in
the area. This
area is still know
locally as "Sawmill
Town".
This was the humble
beginning of what was
to become Louisiana's
northern-most industrial
city.
The community
informally adopted
the name of Piney
Woods. Mrs.
Maxwell, wife of one
of the construction
workers, was given
the honor of naming
the town. Since
there were so many
men working in bare
feet, she selected
Barefoot as a
suitable name.
Mrs. A. B. Rowland,
in a letter, has
given a vivid account
of those early days.
She says " I landed
at Barefoot Station
in November of 1896.
It was on the L & A
right-of-way, one
mile south of the
state line. A
grading crew was
camping in tents.
The L & A tracks
lacked about five
miles reaching here
at that time, but was
soon laid. Pine
Woods Lumber
Company sent George
Harris as general
manager and J. F.
Giles as secretary
and commissary
manager, to begin
building a sawmill.
I was present when
Mr. Giles pulled the
sign, Barefoot
Station, from the
store door,
wrote Springhill on
the reverse side, and
nailed it up again.
That was a few days
before Christmas,
1896".
During this early
period, Springhill
consisted of a
company store, a post
office, and a barber
shop.
While this seems
meager by today's
standards, it was
really quite
remarkable.
Springhill was every
bit a boom town.
This was accomplished
with only mules and
oxen for
transportation.
About 1897 the Pine
Woods Lumber Company
was organized and
took over the
operation of the
sawmill. The
first recorded land
purchase by the new
company was in
November, 1899.
From 1887 to 1993
Springhill grew and
prospered with Pine
Woods Lumber
Company.
In 1933 the company
went out of business
and the population
dwindled. Frost
Lumber Company
purchased and
revitalized the mill
in 1936. Thus
it remained until
1946, when it
was purchased by the
Springhill Lumber
Company, which
eventually became
Anthony Forest
Products Corporation.
Anthony Forest
Products permanently
closed the sawmill in
1972.
The town grew around
the old mill.
By the time of its
closure, the mill was
in the center of
downtown Springhill.
The sawmill is long
gone now, but not
forgotten by
longtime residents of
the area. Many
remember, with
nostalgia, the mill's
rhythmic pulse,
the old mill whistle,
and even the black
cinders which covered
cars, smudged
clothing, and lodged
in eyes. About
all that is left of
this historic old
mill is a section of
wall here and there
and a big empty
space, but that's
where it all
started.
In 1918, the first
oil well was drilled
in the area.
The Smitheman Well
was a gas
producer and provided
the first natural gas
to the growing
community.
It
was 1927, however,
before Louisiana
Power and Light came
into Springhill to
provide the community
with electricity.
Before this time, the
only electricity
available in the area
was from the
sawmill's big dynamo.
Perhaps it was the
success of the
Springhill Sawmill
that encouraged
International
Paper Company to
consider Springhill
as a site for a
different type of
mill. In 1937
the big paper company
chose Springhill for
a large Kraft paper
mill. This
selection changed
Springhill almost
overnight from a
sleep little sawmill
town to an industrial
town of almost
boom town
proportions,
Men cane from near
and far to apply for
work in constructing
the mill and hoping
for permanent
employment upon the
mill's completion.
The influx of
people greatly over
taxed the housing
facilities of the
area. Men lived
in tents, in what is
now the city park.
Several families
would crowd together
in dwellings that
were meant for one
family. It was
to take several years
for supply to catch
up with demand
in the housing
market.
Mr. Erling Riis was
construction engineer
for the building of
the mill. C. L.
Crain was manager of
the brand new mill,
which employed 850
people by 1938.
Other industries soon
joined the paper mill
in Springhill.
In 1946 International
Paper began
construction of a box
plant, which now
ships products all
over the world.
Stauffer Chemical was
the next industry to
locate in Springhill.
Stauffer began
production of
aluminum sulfate in
1949. In 1960
Arizona Chemical
Company constructed a
multi-million dollar
plant in
Springhill, and began
operation with 65
employees.
American Cyanamid was
next to join the list
of Springhill
industries.
From that historic
date in 1937 when
International Paper
Company selected
Springhill for
the site of its paper
mill, the names of
Springhill and
International Paper
were almost
synonymous in this
area. As
International Paper
Company went, so went
Springhill.
Therefore, it was
with a great deal of
shock and despair
that Springhill
received the
announcement on
October 10, 1978,
that the sprawling
paper mill which
provided a multi-
million dollar
payroll, was to
close and be torn
down.
Springhill almost
collectively went
into shock.
As it was in 1933,
when the Pine woods
Lumber Company ceased
operation, many left
Springhill to seek
employment elsewhere.
Many people stayed.
The sons and
grandsons of the men
who had built the
mill secured jobs
with the demolition
companies and helped
tear the mill
down. The people of
Springhill watched
with lumps in their
throats and an empty
feeling in the
pits of their stomach
as the old mill was
blown up, dismantled,
and hauled away.
Springhill was not to
become a ghost town.
She proved to be a
city of survivors.
As you can see from
our logo on the main
page. We all
think "Springhill is
Special" This
is why we
have survived in
spite of all the
difficulties.
There were still
names like Arizona
Chemical, American
Cyanamid, Stauffer
Chemical, and Tyson
Foods to provide
employment. A
new source of jobs
also began to develop
in the form of the
oil industry.
New oil fields
were discovered in
the area.
Springhill men and
women went to work,
not only drilling
and producing oil and
gas, but in the jobs
that provided
services to that
industry.
International Paper
had not abandoned
Springhill.
Almost like Phoenix
rising from the
ashes, its new
Wood Products Plant
began to take shape
in the dust where the
old Kraft Paper
Mill had stood.
Many of Springhill's
sons and daughters
are once again
employed at a saw
mill ... an
ultra-modern,
mechanized, state of
the art mill, but a
saw mill none the
less.
The first school
house of Springhill
was built on Rock
Hill in 1897, on the
site what was Tyson
Foods on the Plain
Dealing Highway.
The building was a
one room, log
structure.
Grades one through
eight were taught at
the school.
Enrollment was 26,
with W. A. Miller as
the first teacher.
Mr. Miller became a
staunch advocate for
more and better
education. He
was instrumental in
having a petition
drawn up, which if
passed, would be a
tax for the
support of the
schools.
Although many people
favored the tax, some
did not , and trouble
broke out.
Even though the tax
was not brought to a
vote, education did
not flounder.
In 1902 a large
auditorium-type
school building was
erected. Arthur
Pope was the
principal.
Enrollment was 62.
This school, which
consisted of ten
grades, kept no
permanent records and
issued no report
cards to pupils.
" History of Webster
Parish Schools"
states that, "The man
who well deserves the
credit for
establishing a high
school is W. B.
Smith". Smith
began teaching in
Springhill in 1909,
and by 1910 he was
successful in having
a school approved as
a State High School
by the Louisiana
Department of
Education. The
first graduates of
S.H.S. were in 1910.
They were Mrs. G. A.
Reynolds & Arthur
Miller.
Education in
Springhill continued
to grow. In
1920 a school
erected, and J.
L. Liggin became
principal. In
1927 a new brick
building was built.
S. R. Emmons
was principal at the
new school.
During this period
Springhill became an
accredited high
school. This period
also saw Springhill
absorb small schools
through
consolidation.
1927 was also the
year that the State
Athletic Association
included Springhill
in its membership.
The early school
house served the
community as a
church. The
Church, known as
Union Church, was
interdenominational.
Worship services were
held in the school
until 1920, when Pine
Woods Lumber sold one
acre building sites
to both the Methodist
and Baptist
Churches for $1.00
each. Materials
were donated to the
town to construct a
church building.
At first the Baptists
and Methodists shared
this building,
meeting on alternate
Sundays. Later,
the Methodists
offered to sell their
interest in this
building to the
Baptists for $500,
provided the Baptist
moved the Union
Church building to
what is now the site
of the First Baptist
Church. The
Methodists retained
the original site and
erected a new
structure.
In 1908, Mr. and Mrs.
Andrew Dees
established the first
telephone service for
Springhill.
They operated the
Springhill Telephone
Company from their
home.
Originally, the
company served
approximately eight
families.
In 1912, Springhill
had grown large
enough to support
more businesses.
It was about this
time that the area
know as "The Hill"
came into being.
The Hill consisted of
a filling station,
two general stores,
and a barber shop.
"The Hill" area of
Springhill is now
heavily traveled
Butler Street.
Although "The Hill"
has been gone for
years, the term is
still a familiar
colloquialism in
Springhill.
Since the first
sawmill began
operation in 1936,
Springhill's economy
has been tied
directly or indirectly
to the forest and
trees which cover her
rolling hills.
In acknowledgment of
this fact, each
October we celebrate
with "The Lumberjack
Festival".
We have a first class
Industrial Park, that
would be a tribute to
any area. We
are thankful
for every business in
our area.
Springhill is Special
and will always
spring back.
On February 2, 2002,
Springhill celebrated
her 100th birthday.
A Centennial clock
was purchased with
donation from
citizens. It is
located at the North
end of Main Street.
The late Dr. Gary Bonner
wrote a book for the
Centennial
Celebration, but he
died June 16, 2001,
about one month after
completion of the
history book for his
city. Its
completion was one of
his proudest
achievements, he had
said.
Ann Bonner, wife of
Dr. Gary Bonner, took
the article below
from his book,
SPRINGHILL, LOUISIANA:
The
City That Pine Trees
Built", which he
wrote for the
Centennial
Celebration.
Springhill,
Louisiana:
The City That Pine
Trees Built
by Dr. Gary Bonner
Springhill's
industrial history
began in 1896 when
William Buchanan
built a sawmill in
the community known
then as Barefoot, LA.
It was one of seven
sawmills from Stamps
AR to Jena LA that
Buchanan built along
his L&A Railroad.
Trappers and farmers
earlier had settled
these north Louisiana
lands. So
timbering and farming
existed side by side
for decades, from
1810 to 1937.
In the 1920's oil
discoveries and
production began,
with fields in
neighboring Homer,
Haynesville, and
Shongaloo. In
the 1950's oil was
drilled in the
immediate Springhill
area.
Springhill
businessmen also
found oil just across
the line in southern
Arkansas.
The paper mill
economy began in 1937
when International
Paper Company
announced plans to
build a kraft mill.
It began operation in
1938 and continued
until 1979.
Many residents of
Springhill attribute
their migration to
Springhill to the job
opportunities
provided by IPC.
Arizona Chemical
Company was a related
industry generated by
the paper industry
and later owned by
it. The
closing of the paper
mill and chemical
plant changed
Springhill's economy
drastically.
The North Webster
Industrial Park
continues to draw
varieties of new
industry to the area.
A town's history is
not only
industries, farming,
and mineral
extraction. The
town of Springhill
has matured also in
citizenry and local
businesses. The
entrepreneurial
spirit has seen the
coming and going of
many pharmacies,
dress shops, shoe
shops, furniture
stores, grocery
stores, service
stations, appliance
stores, cafes and
restaurants, movie
theaters, hardware
stores, bowling
alleys, jewelry
stores, men's
clothing stores, and
banks. In
addition, many
civic-minded
organizations provide
social and service
opportunities. The
parish library
provides books,
videos, magazines,
and computer
services.
Early on, education
was deemed important,
and the outlying
community schools
eventually gave way
to the more
centralized
elementary, upper
elementary, and high
school.
Springhill students
have fond memories of
academic excellence
spurred on by caring
teachers, sports
teams coached to
greatness, and
friendships forged
over many years of
togetherness.
Churches of many
faiths have been a
part of the life of
Springhill's citizens
as well.
Histories and photos
of the churches are
included.
Biographies of
citizens are given,
along with "folklore
stories" and some
historical
conclusions.
The appendices
give valuable
information on eras
of history,
Buchanan's saw mill
empire, mayors,
school principals,
veterans of WW II,
organizations and
historical events. |